欢迎来到易高考!永久域名:yigaokao.com
当前位置: 首页 >高二英语语法知识点

高二英语语法知识点

2025-03-12
高二英语语法知识点

篇1:高二英语语法知识点

高二英语语法知识点(一)

  过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

  Heated , water changes into steam .

  The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .

  1 作原因状语,等于as / since / because 引导从句

  Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …

  2 作时间状语,等于when 引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。

  When heated , water can be changed into steam .

  Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…

  3 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句

  Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….

  Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you …

  4 作方式或伴随状语

  The actress came in , followed by her fans .

  She sat by the window , lost in thought .

  5 作让步状语

  Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….

  6 独立主格结构: 当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

  The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .

  All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .

  Rewrite with proper conjunctions

  Example : United we stand, divided we fall.

  If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.

  1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.

  →When he was asked what had happened, …

  2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.

  →Because he was well known for his expert advice.

  高二英语语法知识点(二)

  1.倒装句的定义:英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。

  如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装。

  2. 倒装句的构成

  a) 完全倒装

  将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,称之为完全倒装。

  Are you from here? 你是本地人吗?

  Now comes the chance. 机会来了。

  b) 部分倒装

  只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前,谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面,称之为部分倒装。例如:

  Has he come? 他来了吗?

  Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难得像在这里这么舒服。

  Only in this way can we do the work better.

  3. 倒装的原因

  a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如:

  Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗?

  Long live peace! 和平万岁!

  b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如:

  Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。

  c)强调的需要。倒装以后,句子更加流畅生动。例如:

  Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。

  Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。

  Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。

  4. 倒装句的基本用法

  a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外):

  When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?

  Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗?

  b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down

  c) 副词only+状语放在句首时:

  Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。

  Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。

  d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首时:

  Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。

  Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。

  Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

  火车刚一进站,我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。

  e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首:

  He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感兴趣,我也如此。

  He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村,他也不想去那里。

  f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首:

  Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。

  So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

  高二英语语法知识点(三)

  英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如:

  She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)

  一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。

  Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.

  Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)

  Don't leave such an important thing undone.

  Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.

  二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。

  1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:

  A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"

  eg: I have had my bike repaired.

  The villagers had many trees planted just then.

  B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"

  Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

  The old man had his leg broken in the accident.

  He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)

  2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:

  They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.

  I raised my voice to make myself heard.

  三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如

  When we got to school,we saw the door locked.

  We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

  He felt himself cheated.

  The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET)

  四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

  The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

  I would like my house painted white.

  I want the suit made to his own measure.

  I wish the problem settled.

  五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:

  The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

  With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.

  With everything well arranged,he left the office.

  六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

  现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

  过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

  不定式作宾补: 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

篇2:高二英语语法知识点

【#高二# #高二英语语法知识点总结#】 对高二的同学来说,英语知识点的整理是很重要的,这对接下来的英语学习和复习很重要!以下是高二英语知识点总结,欢迎阅览!

主谓一致

  1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数。(最基本的)

  2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

  但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。

  3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

  4、主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ,as well as ,together with ,along with,like 等引导的介词短语时 ,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

  注意:主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语,谓语要与主语保持一致。

  5、一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。

  6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;看作每一个成员时,谓语动词用复数。

  7、 当表示国家,城市,人名,书名,报纸,杂志,及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时,作为整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

  The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》

  8、 news ,maths,physics ,politics等词貌似复数,实为单数,其谓语动词用单数.

  9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ,the rich ,the young, the old , the dead ,the sick,the brave 等)作主语,谓语动词往往用复数

  10、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

  11、由连词not……but……, or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。(这个就是就近原则)

  12、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。

  13、a number of后面加复数名词或代词,其动词用复数形式;但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时,其谓语用单数。

  14、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。

  注意在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中,从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有,从句的谓语动词用单数,如没有the only, 就用复数形式。

  省略

  Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法

  以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法:通常省略了it is,that is,there is/are。

  Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法

  关系词的省略 关系代词that,which,whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时,可以省略;in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

  Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略

  1、 当条件状语从句中有were,had,should等时省略if,把它们提至句首,形成倒装句。

  2、 Suggest,insist,order,require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

  Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略

  1、 感官动词see,hear,feel,watch等和使役动词have,make,let等后接不定式作宾语时,不定式省略to。

  2、 在特定语境中为了避免重复,当不定式再次出现时,在want,wish,hope,try,plan,like,love,hate后往往只保留to,而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be,have时,也保留be和have。

  Ⅴ、So和not的替代性省略

  用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,think,I’m afraid等连用

  倒装

  1.在there be/live/lie句型中用全部倒装:

  2.在以there, here, now, then +be/come/go+主语的句子中用全部倒装:

  注:如果主语是代词则不用倒装。

  3.以off, away, out, in, up, down等副词开头的句子以示强调或为了使情景更生动,句子用全部倒装:

  注:如果主语是代词则不用倒装。

  4. only, not until所修饰的介词短语、副词或状语从句放在句首时,要部分倒装:

  注:①主句倒装,从句不倒装。

  ②Only+主语置于句首时,不倒装。

  5. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, not, few, little, often, by no means, at no time等放在句首时,要部分倒装:

  6.在no sooner…than; not only…but also; hardly/scarcely …when; 句型中,前面的句子要部分倒装:

  注:not only…but also, neither…nor连接两个主语不倒装。

  7.以so, neither, nor开头的句子,表相同概念的肯定或否定时,要全部倒装:

  e.g.:

  I have never been to Beijing. Nor has he.

  She is a teacher, so am I.

  8.so/such…that句型中,把so/such修饰的那部分放在句首时,主句要部分倒装:

  9.as引导的让步状语从句,常把表语、状语置于主首,用倒装:

  注:如果表语是单数可数名词,该词前一般不加冠词。

  Child as he is, he knows a lot.

  10.省略if的虚拟条件句置于句首时,用倒装:

  11. Such作表语放在句首时,表示强调,用倒装:

  12. 为了保持句子平衡,或使上下文连接更紧,可把介词短语、形容词短语、副词或分词提到主语前,用全部倒装语序:

篇3:高二英语语法知识点

 【一般过去时】

  1. 一般过去时的定义

  一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past连用。如:

  What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

  I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。

  I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。

  2. 一般过去时的应用

  (1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如:

  Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。

  Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。

  (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如:

  We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。

  We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。

  3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

  [page]

  一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:

  (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

  (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

  (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.

  (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.

  4. 特别说明

  有些动词的过去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如:

  I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。

  I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。

【现在完成进行时】

  1. 现在完成进行时的定义

  现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始,一直延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。如:

  We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。

  2. 现在完成进行时的结构

  现在完成进行时由“have /has been + 现在分词”构成。

  3. 现在完成进行时的应用

  现在完成进行时所用的时间状语:this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段。如:

  They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。

  They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们一直在植树。

  4. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

  (1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成,而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续,因此,表示动作的完成,只能用现在完成时,而不能用现在完成进行时。如:

  He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。

  (2) 在表示动作的延续时,虽然既可用现在完成时,也可用现在完成进行时,但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时,应用现在完成进行时。如:

  We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。

  (3) 有些延续性动词(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等),用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如:

  I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。

  【动词语法】

  1 系动词

  系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明:有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语。例如:

  He fell ill yesterday.  他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)

  He fell off the ladder.  他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

  1)状态系动词

  用来表示主语状态,只有be一词。例如:

  He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

  2)持续系动词

  用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如:

  He always kept silent at meeting.  他开会时总保持沉默。

  This matter rests a mystery.  此事仍是一个谜。

  3)表像系动词

  用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look。例如:

  He looks tired.  他看起来很累。

  He seems (to be) very sad.  他看起来很伤心。

  4)感官系动词

  感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如:

  This kind of cloth feels very soft.  这种布手感很软。

  This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

  5)变化系动词

  这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如:

  He became mad after that.  自那之后,他疯了。

  She grew rich within a short time.  她没多长时间就富了。(北京安通学校提供)

  6)终止系动词

  表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意。例如:

  The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。

  The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。

  His plan turned out a success.  他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)

  2 助动词

  1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:

  He doesn′t like English. 他不喜欢英语。

  (doesn′t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

  2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

  a. 表示时态。例如:

  He is singing. 他在唱歌。(北京安通学校提供)

  He has got married. 他已结婚。

  b. 表示语态。例如:

  He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

  c. 构成疑问句。例如:

  Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?

  Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

  d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:

  I don′t like him.  我不喜欢他。

  e. 加强语气。例如:

  Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

  He did know that.  他的确知道那件事。

  3) 常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

  3 助动词be的用法

  1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如:

  They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。

  English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(北京安通学校提供)

  2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:

  The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。

篇4:高二英语语法知识点

1.高二年级英语语法知识点总结

  Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法

  以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法:通常省略了it is,that is,there is/are。

  Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法

  关系词的省略 关系代词that,which,whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时,可以省略;in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

  Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略

  1、 当条件状语从句中有were,had,should等时省略if,把它们提至句首,形成倒装句。

  2、 Suggest,insist,order,require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

  Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略

  1、 感官动词see,hear,feel,watch等和使役动词have,make,let等后接不定式作宾语时,不定式省略to。

  2、 在特定语境中为了避免重复,当不定式再次出现时,在want,wish,hope,try,plan,like,love,hate后往往只保留to,而省略后面的`动词。但不定式后有be,have时,也保留be和have。

  Ⅴ、So和not的替代性省略

  用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,think,I’m afraid等连用

2.高二年级英语语法知识点总结

  1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0f的用法

  2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. (for me)问候的句型

  3. Is anybody seeing you off?进行时表将来

  4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling)

  5. You should not go rafting unless you know... unless引导条件状语从句,相当于if... not

  6. By staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds.目的状语从句

  7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move.结果状语从句

  8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water.过去分词作状语

  9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.现在分词作状语

  10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法

3.高二年级英语语法知识点总结

  介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。

  介词分为三种,一种是简单介词,如 at, in, on, beside, to , for 等;另一种是短语介词,即由两个以上的词组组成的短语,in front of, because of, out of, instead 如 of 等;还有一种二重介词,如 until after, from behind 等。

  介词的句法功能:介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当 一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

  1、 作定语: The book on the table is mine.

  2、 作状语: have breakfast at seven. We (表时间)They were late for meeting because of the heavy ; rain.(表原因) ;They started the machine by pressing the button.(表方法)

  3、 作表语: My dictionary is in the bag.

  4、 作宾语补足语: I found him in the office.

  表示时间的介词

  (1) in表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”,如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面,或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。in也可以指“在……之后”,表示从说话起的若干时间内。

  如: in July/summer//ancient times

  The bus will be here in ten minutes.

  (2) on表示“在特定的某一天”,也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如:on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st

  (3) at表示“在某一时间点”,或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。

  如:at six o'clock, at Easter

  (4) over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。

  如:Stay over the Christmas.

  (5) for与since:for表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度,为“长达……”之意;since用于指从过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间;含有since时间短语的句子要用完成时,但含有for时间短语的句子不一定要用完成时。

4.高二年级英语语法知识点总结

  1、形容词的定义:形容词简称adv. 形容词简称adv.修饰v. adj.其他adv.或全句的词,v.adv.或全句的词修饰v.adj.其他adv.或全句的词,表示时间,地点,程度,方式等。表示时间,地点,程度,方式等。

  2、复合形容词的构成

  (1)形容词+ 名词+ ed kind-hearted 好心的,white-haired 白发的

  (2)形容词+ 形容词red-hot 炽热的,dark-blue 深蓝的

  (3)形容词+ 现在分词good-looking 好看的,easy-going 随和的

  (4)副词+ 现在分词hard-working 勤劳的,fast-moving 快速转动的

  (5)副词+ 过去分词hard-won 得来不易的,newly-made 新建的

  (6)名词+ 形容词life-long 终生的,world-famous 世界闻名的

  (7)名词+ 现在分词peace-loving 爱好和平的,fun-loving 爱开玩笑的

  (8)名词+ 过去分词snow-covered 白雪覆盖的,hand-made 手工的

  (9)数词+ 名词+ ed four-storeyed 4 层楼的,three-legged 3 条腿的

  (10)数词+ 名词(名词用单数)ten-year 的,two-man 两人的

5.高二年级英语语法知识点总结

  1、at

  如:常用词组有: at noon, at night

  表示时间的 at, in, on:表示片刻的时间,at 8 o’clock,at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。

  in 表示一段的时间

  如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。

  on 总是跟日子有关,on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。

  2、表示时间的 since 和 from:since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用:from 表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。

  如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.

  3、表示时间的 in 和 after:两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后” ,而 after 则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后),in 短语和将来时态连用,after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。

  如:We’ll be back in three days.

  After seven the rain began to fall.

  What shall we do after graduation?

  After two months he returned. 注意:after 有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)

  4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to:in 表示在某范围内,on 指与什么毗邻,to 指在某环境范围之外

  如:Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.

  5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in:on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占去某物一部分,表示……上。

  如:There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.

篇5:高二英语语法知识点

【一】

  1、at

  如:常用词组有: at noon, at night

  表示时间的 at, in, on:表示片刻的时间,at 8 o’clock,at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。

  in 表示一段的时间

  如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。

  on 总是跟日子有关,on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。

  2、表示时间的 since 和 from:since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用:from 表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。

  如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.

  3、表示时间的 in 和 after:两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后” ,而 after 则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后),in 短语和将来时态连用,after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。

  如:We’ll be back in three days.

  After seven the rain began to fall.

  What shall we do after graduation?

  After two months he returned. 注意:after 有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)

  4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to:in 表示在某范围内,on 指与什么毗邻,to 指在某环境范围之外

  如:Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.

  5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in:on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占去某物一部分,表示……上。

  如:There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.

  【二】

  介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。

  介词分为三种,一种是简单介词,如 at, in, on, beside, to , for 等;另一种是短语介词,即由两个以上的词组组成的短语,in front of, because of, out of, instead 如 of 等;还有一种二重介词,如 until after, from behind 等。

  (一) 介词的句法功能:介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当 一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

  1、 作定语: The book on the table is mine.

  2、 作状语: have breakfast at seven. We (表时间)They were late for meeting because of the heavy ; rain.(表原因) ;They started the machine by pressing the button.(表方法)

  3、 作表语: My dictionary is in the bag.

  4、 作宾语补足语: I found him in the office.

  (二) 1.表示时间的介词

  (1) in表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”,如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面,或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。in也可以指“在……之后”,表示从说话起的若干时间内。

  如: in July/summer//ancient times

  The bus will be here in ten minutes.

  (2) on表示“在特定的某一天”,也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如:on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st

  (3) at表示“在某一时间点”,或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。

  如:at six o'clock, at Easter

  (4) over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。

  如:Stay over the Christmas.

  (5) for与since:for表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度,为“长达……”之意;since用于指从过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间;含有since时间短语的句子要用完成时,但含有for时间短语的句子不一定要用完成时。

  【三】

  1、形容词的定义:形容词简称adv. 形容词简称adv.修饰v. adj.,其他adv.或全句的词,v.,adv.或全句的词修饰v.,adj.,其他adv.或全句的词,表示时间,地点,程度,方式等。表示时间,地

  点,程度,方式等。

  2、复合形容词的构成

  (1)形容词+ 名词+ ed kind-hearted 好心的,white-haired 白发的

  (2)形容词+ 形容词red-hot 炽热的,dark-blue 深蓝的

  (3)形容词+ 现在分词good-looking 好看的,easy-going 随和的

  (4)副词+ 现在分词hard-working 勤劳的,fast-moving 快速转动的

  (5)副词+ 过去分词hard-won 得来不易的,newly-made 新建的

  (6)名词+ 形容词life-long 终生的,world-famous 世界闻名的

  (7)名词+ 现在分词peace-loving 爱好和平的,fun-loving 爱开玩笑的

  (8)名词+ 过去分词snow-covered 白雪覆盖的,hand-made 手工的

  (9)数词+ 名词+ ed four-storeyed 4 层楼的,three-legged 3 条腿的

  (10)数词+ 名词(名词用单数)ten-year 的,two-man 两人的

  高二英语语法知识点篇四

  什么是副词?

  指出句中的副词:

  1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式

  2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes,表示频度、频率

  3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子

  4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词,表示程度修饰形容词hot,修饰形容词

  【高考副词主要考点】

  主要题型:选择填空,完形填空,改错

  考点内容:

  1. 副词词义辨析

  (10浙江) Do you think shopping online will ____________ take the place of shopping in stores?

  A.especially B.Frequently C.merely D.finally

  解析:especially 特别,尤其;frequently经常;merely仅仅;finally最终

  根据语境:你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗?

  (10湖北) I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ___________ said errors like this could be avoided.

  A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly

  解析:mostly 大部分地,通常地;nearly 几乎=almost;rarely 很少地,几乎不;merely 仅仅,只不过

  全句意思:我并没有责怪任何人,我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的” 说类似这种错误是可以避免的”。

  2. 副词短语与习惯用语辨析

  (09全国) It’s high time you had your hair cut; it’s getting .

  A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much

  【解析】too much+不可数名词 much too+形

  (09天津) It was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of five.

  A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty

  【解析】rather too 稍微,一点

  全句意思:这房子不错,但对于五口之家还是稍微小了点。

  (全国)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is______another to play it well yourself.

  A. quite B. very C. rather D. much

  【解析】quite another 另一回事

  全句意思:喜欢听好音乐是一回事,但是自己演奏的好又是另一回事。

  3. 某些副词的位置

  (10辽宁)We only had $100 and that was _______ to buy a new computer.

  A.nowhere near enough B.near enough nowhere C.enough near nowhere D.near nowhere enough

  【辨析】enough做副词时,修饰形容词或副词时应该放在被修饰词的后面adj/adv+enough nowhere near是固定短语,意思是“差得远;远不及” ,相当于一个形容词。

篇6:高二英语语法知识点

  1.倒装句的定义

  英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。

  如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装。

  2. 倒装句的构成

  a) 完全倒装

  将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,称之为完全倒装。

  Are you from here? 你是本地人吗?

  Now comes the chance. 机会来了。

  b) 部分倒装

  只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前,谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面,称之为部分倒装。例如:

  Has he come? 他来了吗?

  Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难得像在这里这么舒服。

  Only in this way can we do the work better.

  只有这样我们才能把工作做得更好。

  3. 倒装的原因

  a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如:

  Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗?

  Long live peace! 和平万岁!

  b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如:

  Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。

  c)强调的需要。倒装以后,句子更加流畅生动。例如:

  Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。

  Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。

  Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。

  4. 倒装句的基本用法

  a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外):

  When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?

  Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗?

  b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中:

  Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。

  Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了!

  c) 副词only+状语放在句首时:

  Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。

  Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。

  d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首时:

  Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。

  Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。

  Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

  火车刚一进站,我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。

  e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首:

  He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感兴趣,我也如此。

  He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村,他也不想去那里。

  f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首:

  Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。

  So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

  2. so作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序,例如:

  He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看电影了,我也去了。

  如不作“也”讲而只起连词作用,表示一种结果的意思,句子就要用正常语序。例如:

  His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母亲叫他去看电影,他就去了。

  “He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “确实如此。”

  3. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首,以构成倒装结构。例如:

  No matter how interesting the book is,he doesn't like to read it.不管这本书多有趣,他都不想看。

  However hard a solid may be,we can change its shape. 不管一个固体有多硬,我们都可以改变其形状。

  Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他年轻,却知道很多东西。

  4. 在虚拟语气中,如果非真实条件句省略if,须将主句中的were, had和should等助动词和主语颠倒形成部分倒装。例如:

  Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年轻一些,他就会去学溜冰。

  Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods

  如果他们忘记带一张地图的话,他们就会在深林里迷路。

  Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to

  accept it. 假如他们认识到这个任务是多么重要的话,他们就不致于拒绝接受这项任务。

篇7:高二英语语法知识点

Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法

以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法:通常省略了it is,that is,there is/are。

Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法

关系词的省略 关系代词that,which,whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时,可以省略;in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略

1、 当条件状语从句中有were,had,should等时省略if,把它们提至句首,形成倒装句。

2、 Suggest,insist,order,require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略

1、 感官动词see,hear,feel,watch等和使役动词have,make,let等后接不定式作宾语时,不定式省略to。

2、 在特定语境中为了避免重复,当不定式再次出现时,在want,wish,hope,try,plan,like,love,hate后往往只保留to,而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be,have时,也保留be和have。

Ⅴ、So和not的替代性省略

用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,think,I’m afraid等连用

篇8:高二英语语法知识点

Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.

Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company …..

Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.

Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.

过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

Heated , water changes into steam .

The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .

1 作原因状语,等于as / since / because 引导从句

Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …

2 作时间状语,等于when 引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。

When heated , water can be changed into steam .

Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…

3 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句

Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….

Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you …

4 作方式或伴随状语

The actress came in , followed by her fans .

She sat by the window , lost in thought .

5 作让步状语

Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….

6 独立主格结构: 当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .

All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .

Rewrite with proper conjunctions

Example : United we stand, divided we fall.

If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.

1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.

→When he was asked what had happened, …

2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.

→Because he was well known for his expert advice, …

3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

If we were given more time,

4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.

Once it was translated into Chinese,

5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.

Because she was deeply interested in medicine,

6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

Although he was left alone at home,

现在分词与过去分词作状语

现在分词作状语时,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。

Seeing these pictures, I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. (see)

选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。例如:

Used for a long time, the book looks old.

由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。

Using the book, I find it useful.

在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用

注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态

_____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose)

______ in white, she looks more beautiful.( dress)

be lost in

be dressed in

be interested in

be devoted to

be supposed to? be caught in the rain

be seated in

be prepared for

be determined to

2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构

generally speaking 一般说来

strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说

judging from 从…判断

all things considered 从整体来看

taking all things into consideration 全面看来

例如:Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.

总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。 (speaking 不是dogs 的动作)

Practice

1. Complete each sentences using the P.P. of the right verb.

build frighten trap follow shoot see examine

1 ________ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.

2 The lady returned home, ________ by two policemen.

3 After having been _________ carefully, the room was locked again.

4.______ in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.

5 _____ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails.

6 If _____ in a burning building, you should send for help.

7 Although ______ in the leg, he continued firing at the police.

篇9:高二英语语法知识点

英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如:

She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)

一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)

Don't leave such an important thing undone.

Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.

二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。

1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:

A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"

eg: I have had my bike repaired.

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"

Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

The old man had his leg broken in the accident.

He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)

2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:

They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如

When we got to school,we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

He felt himself cheated.

The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET)

四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

I would like my house painted white.

I want the suit made to his own measure.

I wish the problem settled.

五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.

With everything well arranged,he left the office.

六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

不定式作宾补: 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

eg:He didn't notice me waiting.

I heard the song sung in English.

I saw him opening the window.

I saw the window opened.

I saw him open the window.

I heard her sing the song in English.

篇10:高二英语语法知识点

  非谓语动词包括不定式、动词ing和过去分词等几种形式,这是历年高考必考内容,每年都会有1-2题涉及该部分要点。考点集中在:非谓语动词作定语的区别;动名词和不定式作宾语的用法比较;现在分词和过去分词的用法比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。

  【高考考点透视】

  1.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对比。

  2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。

  3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。

  4.不定式与动名词,动名词与现在分词,现在分词与过去分词,分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比。

  5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是考查的热点。

  6.过去分词作定语,不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。

  7.不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。

  8.带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。

  考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别

  英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分,而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当。如果对句子成分划分不清,把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆,做题效果可想而知。要克服这一毛病,关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。如:

  1.Thechildren(play)_____theviolinovertherewillgoonthestagenextweek.

  根据句子结构,我们可以看出这是一个简单句。主语是Thechildren,谓语部分是willgoonthestage,动词play显然在句中不作谓语,应用非谓语动词形式。依据play与它的逻辑主语children之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在进行,可以判断用现在分词作定语修饰children,意为“正在那边拉小提琴的小孩”,因而正确答案为playing。

  考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析

  作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析,即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语,不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同。动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语;现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语,两者不同之处在于:现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,它们之间的关系是主动关系,而过去分词作状语时,虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语,但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。请看下面例题:

  1.____tiredofTom’sall-talk-no-actionattitude,Juliadecidedtodothejoballbyherself.

  A)TogetB)Tohavegot

  C)GettingD)Havegot

  一般来说,在句子中没有连接词的情况下,逗号是无力连接两个句子的。据此,首先可以确定这是一个简单句,非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。依据非谓语动词短语gettiredof与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系,以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生,没有明显的先后顺序,可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即“由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作态度”,故正确答案为C。

  考点三、考查非谓语动词逻辑主语的分辨

  非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语,但仍然有自己逻辑上的主语。历年各种考试的重点在于正确分辨非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么,两者之间是主动关系还是被动关系,特别是非谓语动词作状语的时候。我们知道,当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候,一般来说,它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,那么,当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时,又会出现什么现象呢?请看下面例题:

  1.Thelastbus(go)____,wehadtowalkhome.

  2.Weather(permit)____,thespaceshipwillbelaunchedtomorrowevening.

  这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语,而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语,即“是末班车开走了,而不是我们走了”,“是天气允许,而不是飞船允许”,这种现象或结构就是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动关系,正确答案分别为havinggone和permitting。

  请再看下面例题:

  3.Thework(finish)_____,theymaygohome.

  4.Theproblem(discuss)_____atthemeeting-roomnow,theworkershadtowaitoutdoors.

  同样,这两道题的结构也是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的被动关系以及非谓语动词所表示动作发生的时间性,可以判断正确答案分别为finished(已完成)和beingdiscussed(正在进行)。

  考点四、考查非谓语动词时态与语态的把握

  非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语,但它仍然具有动词的特征,即可以有自己的主语(逻辑主语),也可以有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词的各种时态形式都是依据句子的谓语动词的时态形式而变化的。一般情况下,如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作同时或之后发生,就用非谓语动词的一般式或进行式(侧重强调动作正在进行);如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,就用非谓语动词的完成式(特别强调动作发生的先后)。非谓语动词的语态在于正确把握非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。例如:

  ____thatBobhadgotpromoted,hisfriendscametocongratulatehim.

  A)HeardB)Havingheard

  C)HearD)Tohear

  依据非谓语动词hear与其逻辑主语hisfriends之间的主动关系,以及前后句的逻辑关系,可以断定用现在分词形式来作时间状语,再根据现在分词的动作“听说”发生在主要谓语动词“来”之前,由此判断应该用现在分词的完成式(只用作状语时使用),意为“听说Bob已得到提升,他的朋友都来向他表示祝贺”,故正确答案为B。

  考点五、考查非谓语动词作主语时句式的转变

  非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)作主语主要考查其句式的转变,习惯上通常把it作为形式主语放在句首,作题时要善于分辨这种形式上的转变。请看下面例题:

  1.Itisanhonourforme(be)_____yourEnglishteacher.

  2.Itisnouseofus(wait)_____athomelikethis.

  根据对句式的分析,可以判断出It是形式主语,真正的主语由非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)来充当。依据表语的特性以及句式的特点,我们可以断定第1题应该填动词不定式,即tobe,第2题应该填动名词,即waiting。

  六、考查作定语的非谓语动词的判断

  非谓语动词作定语主要考查非谓语动词作后置定语的情况,这里关键要把握住非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动行为还是被动行为,以及非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间性,即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。一般来说,用现在分词一般式作定语往往表示动作是主动行为且正在进行当中,如果动作是被动行为且正在进行当中,就用现在分词一般式的被动语态;用过去分词作定语往往表示动作是被动行为且已经完成;用动词不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作,如果是被动行为,就用动词不定式一般式的被动语态。例如:

  1.Theboy(cry)____overthereismyyoungerbrother.

  依据cry与它的逻辑主语Theboy之间的主动关系和cry的动作正在进行,所以用现在分词作定语修饰boy,因而正确答案为crying。

  【精选试题】模拟题及其答案

  1.Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.

  A.enter。mB.toenter

  C.entering。mD.entered

  2Heranasfastashecould_____tocatchtheearlybus.

  A.tohope。mB.hope

  C.hoping。mD.hoped

  3.Hespenteveryminutehecould_____spokenEnglish.

  A.practise。mB.topractise

  C.practising。mD.practised

  4.Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould_______hisoralEnglish.

  A.improve。mB.toimprove

  C.improvingD.toimproving

  5.Heknowsnothingaboutit,sohecan’thelp_______anyofyourwork.

篇11:高二英语语法知识点

倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种完全倒装和部分倒装。

倒装句之全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有

1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。

Theregoesthebell.

2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

注意上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Herehecomes.

篇12:高二英语语法知识点

  部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

  1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

  NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

  Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

  当Notuntil引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

  注意如否定词不在句首不倒装。

  Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

  典型例题

  1)WhycantIsmokehere?

  Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

  A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermitted

  C.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit

  答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

  2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.

  A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow

  答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D中选一个。

  改写为正常语序为,Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

  以否定词开头作部分倒装

  如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than

  Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

  Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.

篇13:高二英语语法知识点

  形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一 ,近几年语境综合化程度越来越高,难度加大。高考热点有:形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、最高级的使用;倍数的表 达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。

  关于形容词与副词这一考点,主要考查以下几个方面:

  1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法

  形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语,而副词在句中主要作状语。

  2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律

  形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况形容词要后置:①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。

  3. 考查多个形容词作定语的排序

  多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。

  4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律

  副词修饰形容词或其它副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。

  5. 考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别

  -ed形容词,通常说明人,意为(某人)感到……;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为(某事物)令人……或令人……的(事物)。

  以上就是编辑老师为大家带来的高中英语语法知识点复习:形容词与副词,希望能为大家提供帮助。

篇14:高二英语语法知识点

  Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

  Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

  Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

  Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

  过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

  Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

  Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

  1作原因状语,等于as/since/because引导从句

  Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

  2作时间状语,等于when引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。

  Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

  Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

  3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句

  Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

  Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

  4作方式或伴随状语

  Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

  Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

  5作让步状语

  Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

  6独立主格结构:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

  Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

  Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

  Rewritewithproperconjunctions

  Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

  Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

  1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

  →Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

  2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

  →Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

  3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

  Ifweweregivenmoretime,

  4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

  OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

  5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

  Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

  6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

  Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,

  现在分词与过去分词作状语

  现在分词作状语时,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。

  Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)

  选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。例如:

  Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.

  由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。

  Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.

  在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用

  注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态

  _____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)

  ______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)

  belostin

  bedressedin

  beinterestedin

  bedevotedto

  besupposedto?becaughtintherain

  beseatedin

  bepreparedfor

  bedeterminedto

  2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构

  generallyspeaking一般说来

  strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说

  judgingfrom从…判断

  allthingsconsidered从整体来看

  takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来

  例如:Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。

  Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.

  总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)

  Practice

  1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.

  buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine

  1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.

  2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.

  3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.

  4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.

  5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.

  6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.

  7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.

  练习

  1____time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.

  AHavinggivenBTogiveCGivingDGiven

  2___in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

  ABeingfoundedBItwasfounded

  CFoundedDFounding

  3Unless__tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

  AinvitedBinviting

  CbeinginvitedDhavinginvited

  4___,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

  AHehadbeentoldmanytimes

  BHavingbeentoldmanytimes

  CToldmanytimes

  DAlthoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes

  5Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

  AintroducingBintroduced

  CintroduceDbeingintroduced

  6Thereseemedtobenothing___todobut___forthedoctor.

  Aleave/sendBleft/tosend

  Cleft/sendDleaving/send

  作介词but,expect,besides的宾语,前面又有实意动词do时,不定式通常省去to

  7____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere___themselves.

  AHunting/hidingBTohunt/tohide

  CHunted/hidingDHunted/tohide

  8.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.

  A.following,followingB.followed,followed

  C.following,followedD.followed,following

  9.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.

  A.looked;takenB.looking;taken

  C.looked;tookD.looking;taking

  10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.

  A.beingtiedB.havingtied

  C.tobetiedD.tied

  11.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

  A.GivenB.Togive

  C.GivingD.Havinggiven

篇15:高二英语语法知识点

  1. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.

  A. painted B. painting

  C. being painted D. to be painted

  2. As soon as he entered the city, he ____.

  A. was losing B. got losing

  C. grew lost D. got lost

  3. What he has done is really ____.Now his parents

  are _____ him.

  A. disappointing; disappointed at

  B. disappointing; disappointed about

  C. disappointing; disappointed with

  D. disappointed; disappointing by

  现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别

  现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义.

  现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或完成.

  a moving movie   感人的电影

  a moved audience  被感动的观众

  boiling water  正在烧(煮沸)的水

  boiled water   已煮沸的水

  developing countries 反展中国家

  developed countries 发达国家

  falling leaves 落叶(正在进行)

  fallen leaves 落叶(已经完成)

  The child standing over there is my brother.

  The room facing south is our classroom.

  The book written by Lu Xun is very good.

  The road completed yesterday is leading to Tibet。

  高二英语语法知识点:过去分词做定语表语,愿考生学业有成。

相关文章

高二语文数学英语政治历史知识点

高二语文、数学、英语、政治、历史等科目的知识点,包括集合的概念和表示方法、文言文中的特殊词汇和短语,以及时间表达的不同方式等。文章详细解释了各个知识点,并进行了分类整理,有助于学生更好地理解和掌握这些科目的知识。

最新推荐

高一物理牛顿第二定律练习

高一物理牛顿第二定律的练习,主要介绍了物体运动状态的改变、受力情况以及加速度的变化等。通过一系列练习题,帮助学生理解和掌握牛顿第二定律的应用。摘要如下:文章介绍了关于物体运动状态的改变,包括物体受力情况和运动状态的关系,以及加速度的变化对物体运动状态

提高高二英语阅读能力

热门推荐

高一化学元素周期表

高一化学中的元素周期律和元素周期表。元素周期律描述了元素性质随原子序数递增的周期性变化,主要体现为核外电子排布、原子半径、主要化合价、金属性及非金属性的周期性变化。元素周期表是元素周期律的具体表现形式,与原子结构密切相关。文章还通过选择题的形式,对元

猜你喜欢

必修一第二单元检测

必修一第二单元的检测结果。首先,文章提及了韩国歌曲《江南Style》的走红,其下载收入成为主要收入来源之一,引出了商品的概念和判断标准。接着,文章通过熊猫加字金银纪念币的发行,阐述了货币的本质和职能。最后,文章通过计算货币流通次数和实际发行量的差异,

Copyright © 2024 ~ 2025 易高考

京ICP备10209629号-13

北京九天揽月科技有限公司